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County water report

Costilla County Water Report

Drinking-water compliance, watershed health, monitoring records, and river conditions for Costilla County, Colorado.

Water grade

F

Water score

14.2

State rank

#50

of 64

Health violations

5

EPA SDWIS, 5-year lookback

Watershed impaired

35.2%

88 water bodies assessed

Monitoring sites

5

611 recent measurements

Live streamflow

No gauge

Primary USGS station not mapped

Water at a glance

Key Water Indicators for Costilla County

EPA SDWIS

Safety Grade

F

Score: 14.2 / 100

EPA SDWIS

Active Violations

5

5-year health-based lookback

EPA ATTAINS

Watershed Health

35% impaired

88 bodies assessed

USGS NWIS

Streamflow Snapshot

No gauge

Primary USGS gauge not mapped

EPA WQP

Monitoring Sites

5

611 recent readings

Source: EPA SDWIS · Safe Drinking Water Information System

Drinking Water Compliance

Compliance grade

F

Based on EPA SDWIS compliance history.

Water score

Higher scores indicate cleaner recent compliance records.

14.2/100

Health violations

5

Health-based violations

Violations per 100K served

212.3

Population-normalized SDWIS rate

Editorial analysis

Understanding Costilla County’s Water

Drinking Water Quality Overview

EPA SDWIS

Costilla County's water systems carry a failing grade, scoring 14.2 out of 100. Over the past five years, EPA SDWIS records 5 health-based violations — a pattern that public water utilities are required to disclose and correct.

Watershed Conditions

EPA ATTAINS

Under the Clean Water Act §303(d), EPA ATTAINS tracks whether waterways meet quality standards for drinking, recreation, and aquatic life (reporting cycle: 2022). A substantial 35.2% of assessed waterways are impaired (31 of 88 water bodies) across Costilla County's watersheds. The leading impairment causes are copper and arsenic. Impairment does not mean tap water is unsafe — it measures ambient waterway conditions upstream of treatment, not finished drinking water.

Monitoring Network

EPA WQP

EPA's Water Quality Portal (WQP) aggregates monitoring data from federal, state, and tribal agencies. Costilla County has limited coverage with 5 active monitoring sites with 611 recent measurements on record. Predominant monitoring categories include nutrient and inorganics, minor, metals. More monitoring sites generally indicate greater scientific attention to local water conditions — and provide the baseline data that regulators use to set future impairment listings.

Editorial advisory

What the data suggests for Costilla County

Water Verdict

Costilla County receives a poor water quality assessment with a grade of F and a score of 14.2 out of 100. The water supply has documented quality issues. Residents are strongly encouraged to use filtered or bottled water for drinking and to stay informed about utility improvement plans.

Violation Context

Costilla County has recorded 5 health-based violations, indicating multiple instances where federal contaminant limits or treatment requirements were not met. At 212.3 violations per 100,000 people served, this rate is high and signals significant water quality management issues.

Consumer Guidance

Drinking-water compliance in Costilla County is rated Grade F, reflecting significant health-based violations in the recent reporting period. Costilla County's drinking-water compliance score is 14.2 out of 100. An NSF 53 or NSF 58-certified filter is recommended for drinking and cooking water. Check the Consumer Confidence Report from your utility to identify the specific contaminants and required corrective actions — utilities are legally required to notify customers of violations. Copper is the leading impairment cause in Costilla County's watershed. There are 5 active water-quality monitoring sites in Costilla County.

Regional Context

Costilla County has poorer water quality than the average county in Colorado. Its water score is 24.5 points lower than the state average, suggesting more challenges with contamination control or infrastructure than neighboring counties.

Advisory text summarizes county-level public records and is not a replacement for your utility's current Consumer Confidence Report or direct local notices.

Contaminants & Resources

Key issues flagged in Costilla County's water environment

Watershed Impairment Causes (EPA ATTAINS)

  • 1

    Copper

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

  • 2

    Arsenic

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

  • 3

    Benthic Macroinvertebrates

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

Source: EPA ATTAINS · Reporting cycle 2022

Official EPA Resources for Costilla County

EPA How's My Waterway

Interactive watershed health data for Costilla County

EPA ECHO: Drinking Water Systems

Search water utilities and violation records for Costilla County

Consumer Confidence Reports (CO)

Annual water quality reports from utilities in Colorado

Clean Water Act §303(d)

Watershed Health

Impaired Water Bodies

35.2%

31 of 88 assessed

Moderate concern

Top Impairment Causes

  • 1

    COPPER

  • 2

    ARSENIC

  • 3

    BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES

Source: EPA ATTAINS · Reporting cycle 2022

Impairment is determined under the Clean Water Act §303(d): a water body is impaired when it fails to meet state-defined quality standards for designated uses (drinking, recreation, aquatic life). Assessment coverage varies by state; counties without assessed water bodies are not shown.

Past 5 years

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Sites

5

Active in the past 5 years

Measurements Recorded

611

611 total readings

Most Measured

  • Nutrient
  • Inorganics, Minor, Metals
  • Physical

Categories measured most frequently

Data from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), aggregating monitoring records from federal, state, and tribal sources. Each measurement represents a single sample analyzed for a specific characteristic (e.g., E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen).

Free tool

Estimate Your Water Costs

Water Cost Estimate

3

3 people  ·  ~225 gal/day

Annual Total

$558

Monthly

$47

Water Bill

$558/yr

Filter Cost

$0/yr

Safety Grade for Costilla County:C — Moderate

Some violations or watershed impairment detected.

Estimates use the national average residential water rate ($0.0068/gal, EPA/AWWA 2023) and EPA WaterSense per-person consumption baseline (75 gal/person/day). Actual bills vary by utility, usage tier, and local infrastructure fees. For informational purposes only.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the water quality in Costilla County, Colorado?
Costilla County, Colorado has a drinking-water quality grade of F with a score of 14.2/100, based on EPA SDWIS compliance data. The county has 5 health-based drinking water violations over the past 5 years. Watershed health, monitoring records, and streamflow snapshots are reported separately on this page.
Are there any water violations in Costilla County?
Costilla County has 5 health-based drinking water violations recorded by the EPA over the past 5 years. Health-based violations indicate instances where contaminant levels exceeded EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Violations may have been resolved — check with your local water utility for current status.
How healthy are the watersheds in Costilla County?
EPA ATTAINS assessments under Clean Water Act §303(d) indicate 35.2% of Costilla County's 88 assessed water bodies are classified as impaired (31 impaired). The top reported causes are COPPER, ARSENIC, BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES. Impairment means the water body fails to meet state quality standards for at least one designated use — drinking water source, recreation, aquatic life, or fish consumption. Note: watershed impairment doesn't always translate to tap-water issues; treatment plants can remove most regulated contaminants.
How much water-quality monitoring happens in Costilla County?
EPA's Water Quality Portal records 611 measurements from 5 monitoring sites in Costilla County over the past five years. The most frequently measured characteristic groups are Nutrient, Inorganics, Minor, Metals, Physical. Each measurement is a single sample analyzed for one characteristic (E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.). High monitoring density means more scientific evidence behind any reported signal — it does not by itself indicate water quality.
How does Costilla County water compare to the Colorado average?
Costilla County's SDWIS water quality score of 14.2/100 is lower than the Colorado state average of 38.7. The average water quality grade across Colorado is F, based on data from 64 counties with available SDWIS data.
Is tap water safe to drink in Costilla County?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Costilla County has a water quality grade of F (14.2/100). This indicates below-average compliance with significant violations. Residents may want to consider home water filtration or independent testing. The grade speaks to the public water system, not the watershed — for watershed-level concerns, see the Watershed Health zone. For the most up-to-date information, contact your local water utility or review your Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).
Does Costilla County have clean drinking water?
Costilla County has 5 health-based drinking water violations according to EPA records. With a water quality score of 14.2/100 and grade F, the county's drinking water has had some compliance issues but continues to be monitored. Note: drinking-water compliance speaks to the public water system, not necessarily to the watershed itself — check the Watershed Health zone for ATTAINS §303(d) data.
How does Costilla County rank for water quality in Colorado?
Costilla County ranks #50 out of 64 counties in Colorado by SDWIS water quality score (1 = best). With a score of 14.2/100, it falls in the bottom third of counties statewide. The ranking reflects EPA SDWIS compliance only — not watershed impairment, monitoring density, or streamflow, which are tracked separately on this page.

Counties with Similar Water Quality

Garfield County

Colorado

F

16.2

Water score

Sedgwick County

Colorado

F

16.3

Water score

Conejos County

Colorado

F

17.7

Water score

Data Sources

Drinking-water compliance data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database. Scores reflect compliance history and health-based violation counts.

Watershed health and impaired-waterway data from the EPA ATTAINS Clean Water Act §303(d) assessments, state-reported and EPA-finalized.

Water-quality monitoring counts from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), federated USGS, EPA, and state agency sampling records over a rolling 5-year window.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not health, legal, or professional advice. For concerns about your specific water supply, contact your local water utility.

By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

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