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Federal water data

County water report

Knox County Water Report

Drinking-water compliance, watershed health, monitoring records, and river conditions for Knox County, Nebraska.

Water grade

D

Water score

48.2

State rank

#53

of 90

Health violations

1

EPA SDWIS, 5-year lookback

Watershed impaired

90.5%

21 water bodies assessed

Monitoring sites

24

5,503 recent measurements

Live streamflow

134%

Niobrara River near Verdel, Nebr.

Water at a glance

Key Water Indicators for Knox County

EPA SDWIS

Safety Grade

D

Score: 48.2 / 100

EPA SDWIS

Active Violations

1

5-year health-based lookback

EPA ATTAINS

Watershed Health

91% impaired

21 bodies assessed

USGS NWIS

Streamflow Snapshot

134% of mean

Niobrara River near Verdel, Nebr.

EPA WQP

Monitoring Sites

24

5,503 recent readings

Source: EPA SDWIS · Safe Drinking Water Information System

Drinking Water Compliance

Compliance grade

D

Based on EPA SDWIS compliance history.

Water score

Higher scores indicate cleaner recent compliance records.

48.2/100

Health violations

1

Health-based violations

Violations per 100K served

18.7

Population-normalized SDWIS rate

Editorial analysis

Understanding Knox County’s Water

Drinking Water Quality Overview

EPA SDWIS

Knox County's drinking water received a D grade, scoring 48.2 out of 100. Over the past five years, EPA SDWIS records 1 health-based violation — a single incident worth monitoring.

Watershed Conditions

EPA ATTAINS

Under the Clean Water Act §303(d), EPA ATTAINS tracks whether waterways meet quality standards for drinking, recreation, and aquatic life (reporting cycle: 2022). A large majority — 90.5% — of assessed waterways are impaired (19 of 21 water bodies) across Knox County's watersheds. The leading impairment causes are escherichia coli (e. coli) and temperature. Impairment does not mean tap water is unsafe — it measures ambient waterway conditions upstream of treatment, not finished drinking water.

River & Streamflow Status

USGS NWIS

USGS NWIS gauge data (as of 2026-05-14T13:15:00.000-05:00) puts Niobrara River at 2.5k cfs — flowing above its historical average at 134% of mean. Streamflow is a leading indicator of drought stress, sediment load, and dilution capacity: low flows concentrate pollutants and warm water temperatures, stressing aquatic life and, in surface-water-dependent systems, the source water quality for treatment plants.

Monitoring Network

EPA WQP

EPA's Water Quality Portal (WQP) aggregates monitoring data from federal, state, and tribal agencies. Knox County has moderate coverage with 24 active monitoring sites with 5,503 recent measurements on record. Predominant monitoring categories include physical and nutrient. More monitoring sites generally indicate greater scientific attention to local water conditions — and provide the baseline data that regulators use to set future impairment listings.

Editorial advisory

What the data suggests for Knox County

Water Verdict

Knox County, Nebraska receives a below-average water quality assessment with a grade of D and a score of 48.2 out of 100. Residents should review their utility's Consumer Confidence Report and may want to consider additional water filtration for drinking. Separately, EPA ATTAINS assessments cover 21 water bodies in the county's watershed, with 90.5% listed as impaired under the Clean Water Act — a source-water measure that is tracked independently of tap-water compliance. At the most recent USGS reading, local streamflow was running above its historical mean at 133.9%.

Violation Context

EPA SDWIS records for Knox County, Nebraska show 1 health-based violation, meaning a water system experienced at least one exceedance of federal contaminant limits or treatment requirements. At 18.7 violations per 100,000 people served, this rate is high and signals significant water quality management issues. For independent context, 5,503 water-quality monitoring results have been recorded across the county in the EPA Water Quality Portal over the past five years.

Consumer Guidance

Knox County's drinking-water compliance is below average with a Grade D, indicating repeated or unresolved violations in the recent record. Knox County's drinking-water compliance score is 48.2 out of 100. The violation rate for Knox County is 18.7 per 100,000 people served. Residents are encouraged to use an NSF 53 or NSF 58-certified filter for drinking and cooking water until the underlying violations are resolved. Running tap water for 30 seconds before use and avoiding older lead-pipe connections can also reduce exposure risk. The current Consumer Confidence Report from your utility will specify the contaminants of concern. E. coli is the leading impairment cause in Knox County's watershed. With 24 active water-quality monitoring sites in Knox County, data coverage is strong. A pipeline streamflow snapshot from the Niobrara River gauge is also available on this page.

Regional Context

Knox County has poorer water quality than the average county in Nebraska. Its water score is 9.9 points lower than the state average, suggesting more challenges with contamination control or infrastructure than neighboring counties.

Advisory text summarizes county-level public records and is not a replacement for your utility's current Consumer Confidence Report or direct local notices.

Contaminants & Resources

Key issues flagged in Knox County's water environment

Watershed Impairment Causes (EPA ATTAINS)

  • 1

    E. coli (bacteria)

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

  • 2

    Elevated temperature

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

  • 3

    Cause Unknown

    Impairment cause per EPA Clean Water Act §303(d) assessment

Source: EPA ATTAINS · Reporting cycle 2022

Official EPA Resources for Knox County

EPA How's My Waterway

Interactive watershed health data for Knox County

EPA ECHO: Drinking Water Systems

Search water utilities and violation records for Knox County

Consumer Confidence Reports (NE)

Annual water quality reports from utilities in Nebraska

Clean Water Act §303(d)

Watershed Health

Impaired Water Bodies

90.5%

19 of 21 assessed

High concern

Top Impairment Causes

  • 1

    ESCHERICHIA COLI (E. COLI)

  • 2

    TEMPERATURE

  • 3

    CAUSE UNKNOWN

Source: EPA ATTAINS · Reporting cycle 2022

Impairment is determined under the Clean Water Act §303(d): a water body is impaired when it fails to meet state-defined quality standards for designated uses (drinking, recreation, aquatic life). Assessment coverage varies by state; counties without assessed water bodies are not shown.

Past 5 years

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Sites

24

Active in the past 5 years

Measurements Recorded

5.5K

5,503 total readings

Most Measured

  • Physical
  • Nutrient
  • Inorganics, Major, Non-metals

Categories measured most frequently

Data from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), aggregating monitoring records from federal, state, and tribal sources. Each measurement represents a single sample analyzed for a specific characteristic (e.g., E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen).

Live USGS Streamgage

River & Stream Conditions

Current Discharge

2,530cfs

May 14, 6:15 PM UTC

vs Long-Term Average

134%

Well above typical

Primary Streamgage

Niobrara River near Verdel, Nebr.

USGS site
06465500
Drainage area
11,580 sq mi
Long-term mean
1,890 cfs

One representative streamgage (the one with the largest drainage area in the county). Many counties have multiple gauges; this view summarizes the primary one. The long-term mean is the full-record annual average; the percent-of-typical value compares the latest reading against that average.

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Estimate Your Water Costs

Water Cost Estimate

3

3 people  ·  ~225 gal/day

Annual Total

$558

Monthly

$47

Water Bill

$558/yr

Filter Cost

$0/yr

Safety Grade for Knox County:D — Poor

Elevated violations or significant watershed impairment.

Estimates use the national average residential water rate ($0.0068/gal, EPA/AWWA 2023) and EPA WaterSense per-person consumption baseline (75 gal/person/day). Actual bills vary by utility, usage tier, and local infrastructure fees. For informational purposes only.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the water quality in Knox County, Nebraska?
Knox County, Nebraska has a drinking-water quality grade of D with a score of 48.2/100, based on EPA SDWIS compliance data. The county has 1 health-based drinking water violation over the past 5 years. Watershed health, monitoring records, and streamflow snapshots are reported separately on this page.
Are there any water violations in Knox County?
Knox County has 1 health-based drinking water violation recorded by the EPA over the past 5 years. Health-based violations indicate instances where contaminant levels exceeded EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Violations may have been resolved — check with your local water utility for current status.
How healthy are the watersheds in Knox County?
EPA ATTAINS assessments under Clean Water Act §303(d) indicate 90.5% of Knox County's 21 assessed water bodies are classified as impaired (19 impaired). The top reported causes are ESCHERICHIA COLI (E. COLI), TEMPERATURE, CAUSE UNKNOWN. Impairment means the water body fails to meet state quality standards for at least one designated use — drinking water source, recreation, aquatic life, or fish consumption. Note: watershed impairment doesn't always translate to tap-water issues; treatment plants can remove most regulated contaminants.
How much water-quality monitoring happens in Knox County?
EPA's Water Quality Portal records 5,503 measurements from 24 monitoring sites in Knox County over the past five years. The most frequently measured characteristic groups are Physical, Nutrient, Inorganics, Major, Non-metals. Each measurement is a single sample analyzed for one characteristic (E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.). High monitoring density means more scientific evidence behind any reported signal — it does not by itself indicate water quality.
What's happening with rivers in Knox County right now?
Knox County's primary USGS streamgage on the Niobrara River has a pipeline snapshot of 2,530 cubic feet per second — 134% of the long-term mean of 1,890.16 cfs. This is well above typical — often a signal of recent precipitation or storm runoff. For the latest gauge feed, visit waterdata.usgs.gov.
How does Knox County water compare to the Nebraska average?
Knox County's SDWIS water quality score of 48.2/100 is lower than the Nebraska state average of 58.1. The average water quality grade across Nebraska is D, based on data from 90 counties with available SDWIS data.
Is tap water safe to drink in Knox County?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Knox County has a water quality grade of D (48.2/100). This indicates below-average compliance with significant violations. Residents may want to consider home water filtration or independent testing. The grade speaks to the public water system, not the watershed — for watershed-level concerns, see the Watershed Health zone. For the most up-to-date information, contact your local water utility or review your Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).
Does Knox County have clean drinking water?
Knox County has 1 health-based drinking water violation according to EPA records. With a water quality score of 48.2/100 and grade D, the county's drinking water has had some compliance issues but continues to be monitored. Note: drinking-water compliance speaks to the public water system, not necessarily to the watershed itself — check the Watershed Health zone for ATTAINS §303(d) data.
How does Knox County rank for water quality in Nebraska?
Knox County ranks #53 out of 90 counties in Nebraska by SDWIS water quality score (1 = best). With a score of 48.2/100, it falls in the middle third of counties statewide. The ranking reflects EPA SDWIS compliance only — not watershed impairment, monitoring density, or streamflow, which are tracked separately on this page.

Counties with Similar Water Quality

Fillmore County

Nebraska

D

45.2

Water score

Colfax County

Nebraska

D

44.9

Water score

Stanton County

Nebraska

D

43.9

Water score

Data Sources

Drinking-water compliance data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database. Scores reflect compliance history and health-based violation counts.

Watershed health and impaired-waterway data from the EPA ATTAINS Clean Water Act §303(d) assessments, state-reported and EPA-finalized.

Water-quality monitoring counts from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), federated USGS, EPA, and state agency sampling records over a rolling 5-year window.

Live streamflow from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), continuous discharge measurements from the largest-drainage gauge in each county, compared against the full-record long-term annual mean.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not health, legal, or professional advice. For concerns about your specific water supply, contact your local water utility.

By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

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