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County water report

Windham County Water Report

Drinking-water compliance, watershed health, monitoring records, and river conditions for Windham County, Vermont.

Water grade

F

Water score

25.0

State rank

#12

of 14

Health violations

33

EPA SDWIS, 5-year lookback

Watershed impaired

Not reported

EPA ATTAINS coverage varies by state

Monitoring sites

185

11,660 recent measurements

Live streamflow

77%

WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM NEAR TOWNSHEND, VT

Water at a glance

Key Water Indicators for Windham County

EPA SDWIS

Safety Grade

F

Score: 25.0 / 100

EPA SDWIS

Active Violations

33

5-year health-based lookback

EPA ATTAINS

Watershed Health

Not reported

Coverage varies by state

USGS NWIS

Streamflow Snapshot

77% of mean

WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM NEAR TOWNSHEND, VT

EPA WQP

Monitoring Sites

185

11,660 recent readings

Source: EPA SDWIS · Safe Drinking Water Information System

Drinking Water Compliance

Compliance grade

F

Based on EPA SDWIS compliance history.

Water score

Higher scores indicate cleaner recent compliance records.

25.0/100

Health violations

33

Health-based violations

Violations per 100K served

90.9

Population-normalized SDWIS rate

Editorial analysis

Understanding Windham County’s Water

Drinking Water Quality Overview

EPA SDWIS

Windham County's water systems carry a failing grade, scoring 25.0 out of 100. Over the past five years, EPA SDWIS records 33 health-based violations — a pattern that public water utilities are required to disclose and correct.

River & Streamflow Status

USGS NWIS

USGS NWIS gauge data (as of 2026-05-14T14:30:00.000-04:00) puts WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM at 468.0 cfs — running somewhat below its historical average at 77% of mean. Streamflow is a leading indicator of drought stress, sediment load, and dilution capacity: low flows concentrate pollutants and warm water temperatures, stressing aquatic life and, in surface-water-dependent systems, the source water quality for treatment plants.

Monitoring Network

EPA WQP

EPA's Water Quality Portal (WQP) aggregates monitoring data from federal, state, and tribal agencies. Windham County has extensive coverage with 185 active monitoring sites with 11,660 recent measurements on record. Predominant monitoring categories include physical and nutrient. More monitoring sites generally indicate greater scientific attention to local water conditions — and provide the baseline data that regulators use to set future impairment listings.

Editorial advisory

What the data suggests for Windham County

Water Verdict

Windham County, Vermont receives a poor water quality assessment with a grade of F and a score of 25.0 out of 100. The water supply has documented quality issues. Residents are strongly encouraged to use filtered or bottled water for drinking and to stay informed about utility improvement plans. The county's primary USGS gauge drains roughly 282 square miles of upstream watershed, giving local source waters a regional footprint. At the most recent USGS reading, local streamflow was below its historical mean at 77.2% — worth watching in drier seasons.

Violation Context

EPA SDWIS records for Windham County, Vermont show 33 health-based violations, indicating multiple instances where federal contaminant limits or treatment requirements were not met. At 90.9 violations per 100,000 people served, this rate is high and signals significant water quality management issues. This compliance record sits alongside an unusually deep monitoring archive: 11,660 water-quality results have been logged across the county in the EPA Water Quality Portal over the past five years.

Consumer Guidance

Windham County has a Grade F compliance record with 33 health-based violations — among the highest levels in the country. Windham County's drinking-water compliance score is 25.0 out of 100. The violation rate for Windham County is 90.9 per 100,000 people served. Residents are strongly advised to use a certified NSF 58 reverse-osmosis filter or bottled water for all drinking and cooking until violations are corrected. Contacting the Vermont Department of Environmental Quality or Health can expedite utility compliance action. With 185 active water-quality monitoring sites in Windham County, data coverage is strong. A pipeline streamflow snapshot from the WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM gauge is also available on this page.

Regional Context

Windham County has poorer water quality than the average county in Vermont. Its water score is 20.6 points lower than the state average, suggesting more challenges with contamination control or infrastructure than neighboring counties.

Advisory text summarizes county-level public records and is not a replacement for your utility's current Consumer Confidence Report or direct local notices.

Contaminants & Resources

Key issues flagged in Windham County's water environment

Official EPA Resources for Windham County

EPA How's My Waterway

Interactive watershed health data for Windham County

EPA ECHO: Drinking Water Systems

Search water utilities and violation records for Windham County

Consumer Confidence Reports (VT)

Annual water quality reports from utilities in Vermont

Past 5 years

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Sites

185

Active in the past 5 years

Measurements Recorded

12K

11,660 total readings

Most Measured

  • Physical
  • Nutrient
  • Inorganics, Minor, Metals

Categories measured most frequently

Data from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), aggregating monitoring records from federal, state, and tribal sources. Each measurement represents a single sample analyzed for a specific characteristic (e.g., E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen).

Live USGS Streamgage

River & Stream Conditions

Current Discharge

468cfs

May 14, 6:30 PM UTC

vs Long-Term Average

77%

Below typical

Primary Streamgage

WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM NEAR TOWNSHEND, VT

USGS site
01155910
Drainage area
282 sq mi
Long-term mean
607 cfs

One representative streamgage (the one with the largest drainage area in the county). Many counties have multiple gauges; this view summarizes the primary one. The long-term mean is the full-record annual average; the percent-of-typical value compares the latest reading against that average.

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Water Cost Estimate

3

3 people  ·  ~225 gal/day

Annual Total

$558

Monthly

$47

Water Bill

$558/yr

Filter Cost

$0/yr

Safety Grade for Windham County:F — Failing

High violation count or severe watershed conditions.

Estimates use the national average residential water rate ($0.0068/gal, EPA/AWWA 2023) and EPA WaterSense per-person consumption baseline (75 gal/person/day). Actual bills vary by utility, usage tier, and local infrastructure fees. For informational purposes only.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the water quality in Windham County, Vermont?
Windham County, Vermont has a drinking-water quality grade of F with a score of 25.0/100, based on EPA SDWIS compliance data. The county has 33 health-based drinking water violations over the past 5 years. Watershed health, monitoring records, and streamflow snapshots are reported separately on this page.
Are there any water violations in Windham County?
Windham County has 33 health-based drinking water violations recorded by the EPA over the past 5 years. Health-based violations indicate instances where contaminant levels exceeded EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Violations may have been resolved — check with your local water utility for current status.
How much water-quality monitoring happens in Windham County?
EPA's Water Quality Portal records 11,660 measurements from 185 monitoring sites in Windham County over the past five years. The most frequently measured characteristic groups are Physical, Nutrient, Inorganics, Minor, Metals. Each measurement is a single sample analyzed for one characteristic (E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.). High monitoring density means more scientific evidence behind any reported signal — it does not by itself indicate water quality.
What's happening with rivers in Windham County right now?
Windham County's primary USGS streamgage on the WEST RIVER BELOW TOWNSHEND DAM has a pipeline snapshot of 468 cubic feet per second — 77% of the long-term mean of 606.54 cfs. Flow is within typical range for this gauge. For the latest gauge feed, visit waterdata.usgs.gov.
How does Windham County water compare to the Vermont average?
Windham County's SDWIS water quality score of 25.0/100 is lower than the Vermont state average of 45.6. The average water quality grade across Vermont is D, based on data from 14 counties with available SDWIS data.
Is tap water safe to drink in Windham County?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Windham County has a water quality grade of F (25.0/100). This indicates below-average compliance with significant violations. Residents may want to consider home water filtration or independent testing. The grade speaks to the public water system, not the watershed — for watershed-level concerns, see the Watershed Health zone. For the most up-to-date information, contact your local water utility or review your Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).
Why does Windham County have so many water violations?
Windham County has 33 health-based drinking water violations on record from the EPA SDWIS database. A higher violation count can result from aging infrastructure, underfunded water utilities, agricultural runoff contamination, or industrial pollution. Counties with more water systems may also see more violations simply due to scale. Residents concerned about water quality should consider independent water testing and home filtration systems.
How does Windham County rank for water quality in Vermont?
Windham County ranks #12 out of 14 counties in Vermont by SDWIS water quality score (1 = best). With a score of 25.0/100, it falls in the bottom third of counties statewide. The ranking reflects EPA SDWIS compliance only — not watershed impairment, monitoring density, or streamflow, which are tracked separately on this page.

Counties with Similar Water Quality

Rutland County

Vermont

F

27.0

Water score

Lamoille County

Vermont

F

22.6

Water score

Washington County

Vermont

F

19.4

Water score

Data Sources

Drinking-water compliance data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database. Scores reflect compliance history and health-based violation counts.

Water-quality monitoring counts from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), federated USGS, EPA, and state agency sampling records over a rolling 5-year window.

Live streamflow from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), continuous discharge measurements from the largest-drainage gauge in each county, compared against the full-record long-term annual mean.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not health, legal, or professional advice. For concerns about your specific water supply, contact your local water utility.

By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

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