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EPA SDWIS

Sauk County Water Quality

Sauk County, Wisconsin

Water Grade

D

Water Score

44.4

Violations

10

State Rank

#30

of 71 (1 = best)

EPA SDWIS Compliance

Drinking Water Quality

Water Quality Grade

D

Based on EPA compliance history and violation data

Water Score

44.4/100

Higher = better quality

Health Violations

10

Health-based violations

Violation Rate

24.7%

Systems with violations

Water Advisory: Sauk County

Water Verdict

Sauk County receives a below-average water quality assessment with a grade of D and a score of 44.4 out of 100. Residents should review their utility's Consumer Confidence Report and may want to consider additional water filtration for drinking.

Violation Context

Sauk County has recorded 10 health-based violations, indicating multiple instances where federal contaminant limits or treatment requirements were not met. At 24.7 violations per 1,000 residents, this rate is high and signals significant water quality management issues.

Consumer Guidance

Residents of Sauk County are advised to use filtered or bottled water for drinking and cooking until water quality improves. A reverse-osmosis or activated-carbon filter certified to remove the contaminants listed in the utility's Consumer Confidence Report is recommended. With 10 recorded health violations, staying informed about utility communications and boil-water notices is especially important. For long-term peace of mind, request your utility's latest Consumer Confidence Report and consider independent water testing if you have specific health concerns.

Regional Context

Sauk County has water quality close to the average county in Wisconsin. Its water score is within 4.9 points of the state average, meaning its overall water system performance is broadly representative of Wisconsin as a whole.

Clean Water Act §303(d)

Watershed Health

Impaired Water Bodies

10.0%

41 of 409 assessed

Some impairment

Top Impairment Causes

  • 1

    PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL

  • 2

    CAUSE UNKNOWN

  • 3

    POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS)

Source: EPA ATTAINS · Reporting cycle 2022

Impairment is determined under the Clean Water Act §303(d): a water body is impaired when it fails to meet state-defined quality standards for designated uses (drinking, recreation, aquatic life). Assessment coverage varies by state — counties without assessed water bodies are not shown.

Past 5 years

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Sites

127

Active in the past 5 years

Measurements Recorded

242K

241,931 total readings

Most Measured

  • Physical
  • Organics, Pesticide
  • Nutrient

Categories measured most frequently

Data from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), aggregating monitoring records from federal, state, and tribal sources. Each measurement represents a single sample analyzed for a specific characteristic (e.g., E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen).

Live USGS Streamgage

River & Stream Conditions

Current Discharge

6,750cfs

May 14, 7:00 PM UTC

vs Long-Term Average

98%

Near typical

Primary Streamgage

WISCONSIN RIVER NEAR WISCONSIN DELLS, WI

USGS site
05404000
Drainage area
8,090 sq mi
Long-term mean
6,923 cfs

One representative streamgage (the one with the largest drainage area in the county). Many counties have multiple gauges — this view summarizes the primary one. The long-term mean is the full-record annual average; "% of typical" compares the latest reading against that average.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the water quality in Sauk County, Wisconsin?
Sauk County, Wisconsin has a drinking-water quality grade of D with a score of 44.4/100, based on EPA SDWIS compliance data. The county has 10 health-based drinking water violations over the past 5 years. Watershed health, monitoring records, and live streamflow are reported separately on this page.
Are there any water violations in Sauk County?
Sauk County has 10 health-based drinking water violations recorded by the EPA over the past 5 years. Health-based violations indicate instances where contaminant levels exceeded EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Violations may have been resolved — check with your local water utility for current status.
How healthy are the watersheds in Sauk County?
EPA ATTAINS assessments under Clean Water Act §303(d) indicate 10.0% of Sauk County's 409 assessed water bodies are classified as impaired (41 impaired). The top reported causes are PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL, CAUSE UNKNOWN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS). Impairment means the water body fails to meet state quality standards for at least one designated use — drinking water source, recreation, aquatic life, or fish consumption. Note: watershed impairment doesn't always translate to tap-water issues; treatment plants can remove most regulated contaminants.
How much water-quality monitoring happens in Sauk County?
EPA's Water Quality Portal records 241,931 measurements from 127 monitoring sites in Sauk County over the past five years. The most frequently measured characteristic groups are Physical, Organics, Pesticide, Nutrient. Each measurement is a single sample analyzed for one characteristic (E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.). High monitoring density means more scientific evidence behind any reported signal — it does not by itself indicate water quality.
What's happening with rivers in Sauk County right now?
Sauk County's primary USGS streamgage on the WISCONSIN RIVER is currently reading 6,750 cubic feet per second — 98% of the long-term mean of 6,923.12 cfs. Flow is within typical range for this gauge. For genuine real-time data, visit waterdata.usgs.gov.
How does Sauk County water compare to the Wisconsin average?
Sauk County's SDWIS water quality score of 44.4/100 is higher than the Wisconsin state average of 39.5. The average water quality grade across Wisconsin is F, based on data from 71 counties with available SDWIS data.
Is tap water safe to drink in Sauk County?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Sauk County has a water quality grade of D (44.4/100). This indicates below-average compliance with significant violations. Residents may want to consider home water filtration or independent testing. The grade speaks to the public water system, not the watershed — for watershed-level concerns, see the Watershed Health zone. For the most up-to-date information, contact your local water utility or review your Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).
Why does Sauk County have so many water violations?
Sauk County has 10 health-based drinking water violations on record from the EPA SDWIS database. A higher violation count can result from aging infrastructure, underfunded water utilities, agricultural runoff contamination, or industrial pollution. Counties with more water systems may also see more violations simply due to scale. Residents concerned about water quality should consider independent water testing and home filtration systems.
How does Sauk County rank for water quality in Wisconsin?
Sauk County ranks #30 out of 71 counties in Wisconsin by SDWIS water quality score (1 = best). With a score of 44.4/100, it falls in the middle third of counties statewide. The ranking reflects EPA SDWIS compliance only — not watershed impairment, monitoring density, or streamflow, which are tracked separately on this page.

Counties with Similar Water Quality

Shawano County

Wisconsin

D

44.3

Water score

Polk County

Wisconsin

D

44.0

Water score

Barron County

Wisconsin

D

45.1

Water score

Data Sources

Drinking-water compliance data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database. Scores reflect compliance history and health-based violation counts.

Watershed health and impaired-waterway data from the EPA ATTAINS Clean Water Act §303(d) assessments — state-reported, EPA-finalized.

Water-quality monitoring counts from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP) — federated USGS, EPA, and state agency sampling records over a rolling 5-year window.

Live streamflow from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) — continuous discharge measurements from the largest-drainage gauge in each county, compared against the full-record long-term annual mean.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not health, legal, or professional advice. For concerns about your specific water supply, contact your local water utility.

By Logan Johnson, Founder & Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Logan Johnson, Founder & Data Editor

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