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Federal water data

County water report

Essex County Water Report

Drinking-water compliance, watershed health, monitoring records, and river conditions for Essex County, New Jersey.

Water grade

C

Water score

55.8

State rank

#15

of 21

Health violations

65

EPA SDWIS, 5-year lookback

Watershed impaired

Not reported

EPA ATTAINS coverage varies by state

Monitoring sites

41

8,815 recent measurements

Live streamflow

47%

Second River at Belleville NJ

Water at a glance

Key Water Indicators for Essex County

EPA SDWIS

Safety Grade

C

Score: 55.8 / 100

EPA SDWIS

Active Violations

65

5-year health-based lookback

EPA ATTAINS

Watershed Health

Not reported

Coverage varies by state

USGS NWIS

Streamflow Snapshot

47% of mean

Second River at Belleville NJ

EPA WQP

Monitoring Sites

41

8,815 recent readings

Source: EPA SDWIS · Safe Drinking Water Information System

Drinking Water Compliance

Compliance grade

C

Based on EPA SDWIS compliance history.

Water score

Higher scores indicate cleaner recent compliance records.

55.8/100

Health violations

65

Health-based violations

Violations per 100K served

9.7

Population-normalized SDWIS rate

Data center water stress

Essex County has 3 facilities in the DCWSI dataset.

ByCounty's DCWSI ranks this county #134 nationally by combining its water score with mapped data center density.

DCWSIThe Data Center Water Stress Index: 60% the county's water-system stress plus 40% how concentrated data centers already are, scored 0-100. Higher means data-center density and water pressure overlap more here.

57.9

0-100 index

Facility count

3

61.1 density percentile

Discharge estimate

Not reported

EPA CWA fields where available

Water vs median

+5.8

Compared with US county median

Named operators

Tishmanbt

Mapped facilities

  • 165 Halsey / Equinix NY1 / Databank EWR1

    Newark · Tishman

    OSM

  • BT Radianz: 492 River Road

    bt

    OSM

  • RAR DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES

    NEWARK

    EPA ECHO
See the Essex County data-center reportReview methodology

Data Center Water Budget Calculator

Estimate daily water use for a hypothetical facility in Essex County.

1 MW1,000 MW
40%100%
799K gallons/dayHigh Impact

Your facility would use 18.8% of this county's industrial water baseline. Verify water rights and long-term drought projections before committing.

18.8% of county industrial baseline3.45 Mgal/day remaining headroom

Based on USGS 2020 water-use data and EPA-standard cooling intensity constants. Not a substitute for site-specific water rights analysis.

Editorial analysis

Understanding Essex County’s Water

Drinking Water Quality Overview

EPA SDWIS

Essex County's drinking water earned a C grade, scoring 55.8 out of 100. Over the past five years, EPA SDWIS records 65 health-based violations — a pattern that public water utilities are required to disclose and correct.

River & Streamflow Status

USGS NWIS

USGS NWIS gauge data (as of 2026-05-14T14:15:00.000-04:00) puts Second River at 8.7 cfs — well below its long-term average at 47% of mean — low-flow conditions worth noting for water-dependent ecosystems. Streamflow is a leading indicator of drought stress, sediment load, and dilution capacity: low flows concentrate pollutants and warm water temperatures, stressing aquatic life and, in surface-water-dependent systems, the source water quality for treatment plants.

Monitoring Network

EPA WQP

EPA's Water Quality Portal (WQP) aggregates monitoring data from federal, state, and tribal agencies. Essex County has moderate coverage with 41 active monitoring sites with 8,815 recent measurements on record. Predominant monitoring categories include physical and organics, pcbs. More monitoring sites generally indicate greater scientific attention to local water conditions — and provide the baseline data that regulators use to set future impairment listings.

Editorial advisory

What the data suggests for Essex County

Water Verdict

Essex County, New Jersey receives a fair water quality assessment with a grade of C and a score of 55.8 out of 100. The water supply meets baseline federal standards, but there may be periods of elevated contaminant levels or infrastructure concerns worth monitoring. The county's primary USGS gauge drains roughly 12 square miles of upstream watershed, giving local source waters a regional footprint. At the most recent USGS reading, local streamflow was below its historical mean at 46.8% — worth watching in drier seasons.

Violation Context

EPA SDWIS records for Essex County, New Jersey show 65 health-based violations, indicating multiple instances where federal contaminant limits or treatment requirements were not met. At 9.7 violations per 100,000 people served, this rate is high and signals significant water quality management issues. For independent context, 8,815 water-quality monitoring results have been recorded across the county in the EPA Water Quality Portal over the past five years.

Consumer Guidance

Tap water in Essex County meets baseline standards but the compliance record shows room for improvement, with a Grade C rating. Essex County's drinking-water compliance score is 55.8 out of 100. The violation rate for Essex County is 9.7 per 100,000 people served. Residents who are immunocompromised, pregnant, or have young children may benefit from using an NSF 53-certified filter. Contacting your local utility for the current Consumer Confidence Report will confirm which specific violations were recorded and whether they have been resolved. With 41 active water-quality monitoring sites in Essex County, data coverage is strong. A pipeline streamflow snapshot from the Second River gauge is also available on this page.

Regional Context

Essex County has water quality close to the average county in New Jersey. Its water score is within 0.1 points of the state average, meaning its overall water system performance is broadly representative of New Jersey as a whole.

Advisory text summarizes county-level public records and is not a replacement for your utility's current Consumer Confidence Report or direct local notices.

Contaminants & Resources

Key issues flagged in Essex County's water environment

Official EPA Resources for Essex County

EPA How's My Waterway

Interactive watershed health data for Essex County

EPA ECHO: Drinking Water Systems

Search water utilities and violation records for Essex County

Consumer Confidence Reports (NJ)

Annual water quality reports from utilities in New Jersey

Past 5 years

Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Sites

41

Active in the past 5 years

Measurements Recorded

8.8K

8,815 total readings

Most Measured

  • Physical
  • Organics, PCBs
  • PFAS,Perfluorinated Alkyl Substance

Categories measured most frequently

Data from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), aggregating monitoring records from federal, state, and tribal sources. Each measurement represents a single sample analyzed for a specific characteristic (e.g., E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen).

Live USGS Streamgage

River & Stream Conditions

Current Discharge

8.67cfs

May 14, 6:15 PM UTC

vs Long-Term Average

47%

Well below typical

Primary Streamgage

Second River at Belleville NJ

USGS site
01392500
Drainage area
11.6 sq mi
Long-term mean
18.5 cfs

One representative streamgage (the one with the largest drainage area in the county). Many counties have multiple gauges; this view summarizes the primary one. The long-term mean is the full-record annual average; the percent-of-typical value compares the latest reading against that average.

Free tool

Estimate Your Water Costs

Water Cost Estimate

3

3 people  ·  ~225 gal/day

Annual Total

$558

Monthly

$47

Water Bill

$558/yr

Filter Cost

$0/yr

Safety Grade for Essex County:D — Poor

Elevated violations or significant watershed impairment.

Estimates use the national average residential water rate ($0.0068/gal, EPA/AWWA 2023) and EPA WaterSense per-person consumption baseline (75 gal/person/day). Actual bills vary by utility, usage tier, and local infrastructure fees. For informational purposes only.

Try the full calculator →

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the water quality in Essex County, New Jersey?
Essex County, New Jersey has a drinking-water quality grade of C with a score of 55.8/100, based on EPA SDWIS compliance data. The county has 65 health-based drinking water violations over the past 5 years. Watershed health, monitoring records, and streamflow snapshots are reported separately on this page.
Are there any water violations in Essex County?
Essex County has 65 health-based drinking water violations recorded by the EPA over the past 5 years. Health-based violations indicate instances where contaminant levels exceeded EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Violations may have been resolved — check with your local water utility for current status.
How much water-quality monitoring happens in Essex County?
EPA's Water Quality Portal records 8,815 measurements from 41 monitoring sites in Essex County over the past five years. The most frequently measured characteristic groups are Physical, Organics, PCBs, PFAS,Perfluorinated Alkyl Substance. Each measurement is a single sample analyzed for one characteristic (E. coli, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.). High monitoring density means more scientific evidence behind any reported signal — it does not by itself indicate water quality.
What's happening with rivers in Essex County right now?
Essex County's primary USGS streamgage on the Second River has a pipeline snapshot of 8.67 cubic feet per second — 47% of the long-term mean of 18.53 cfs. This is well below typical — often a signal of drought stress on source water. For the latest gauge feed, visit waterdata.usgs.gov.
How does Essex County water compare to the New Jersey average?
Essex County's SDWIS water quality score of 55.8/100 is higher than the New Jersey state average of 55.7. The average water quality grade across New Jersey is D, based on data from 21 counties with available SDWIS data.
Is tap water safe to drink in Essex County?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Essex County has a water quality grade of C (55.8/100). This indicates moderate compliance. Some violations have been recorded but overall standards are maintained. The grade speaks to the public water system, not the watershed — for watershed-level concerns, see the Watershed Health zone. For the most up-to-date information, contact your local water utility or review your Consumer Confidence Report (CCR).
Why does Essex County have so many water violations?
Essex County has 65 health-based drinking water violations on record from the EPA SDWIS database. A higher violation count can result from aging infrastructure, underfunded water utilities, agricultural runoff contamination, or industrial pollution. Counties with more water systems may also see more violations simply due to scale. Residents concerned about water quality should consider independent water testing and home filtration systems.
How does Essex County rank for water quality in New Jersey?
Essex County ranks #15 out of 21 counties in New Jersey by SDWIS water quality score (1 = best). With a score of 55.8/100, it falls in the bottom third of counties statewide. The ranking reflects EPA SDWIS compliance only — not watershed impairment, monitoring density, or streamflow, which are tracked separately on this page.

Counties with Similar Water Quality

Camden County

New Jersey

C

57.5

Water score

Monmouth County

New Jersey

C

57.5

Water score

Passaic County

New Jersey

C

52.8

Water score

Data Sources

Drinking-water compliance data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database. Scores reflect compliance history and health-based violation counts.

Water-quality monitoring counts from the EPA Water Quality Portal (WQP), federated USGS, EPA, and state agency sampling records over a rolling 5-year window.

Live streamflow from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), continuous discharge measurements from the largest-drainage gauge in each county, compared against the full-record long-term annual mean.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not health, legal, or professional advice. For concerns about your specific water supply, contact your local water utility.

By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

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